Growing up, our children are increasingly replenishing their vocabulary. The need to talk is growing with each passing day. Unfortunately, most kids have problems with the pronunciation of individual sounds. Is it possible to teach a baby to pronounce sounds correctly at home, or will a speech therapist need help to eliminate speech defects?

What causes mispronunciation?

The most common mistake adults make when communicating with their child is imitating his speech. We lisp with a little man, often distorting the words. It turns out that our speech descends to the level of a baby. Instead of talking to young children as best as possible, pronouncing all the sounds and letters clearly, we deliberately make our speech obscure.

Since the child does not hear the correct speech from you, he will not be able to remember and repeat it. Therefore, in order for the baby to learn to speak correctly, your speech must be clear and legible.

The reason for the incorrect reproduction of individual sounds may be a feature of the structure of the speech apparatus

• The ligament under the tongue is shorter than it should be, making it difficult for it to move.
• Normal speech is hindered by the size of the tongue (too small or, on the contrary, large).
• Very thin or, on the contrary, plump lips, which makes their articulation difficult.
• Deviations in the structure of the teeth or jaw.
• A defect in the hearing aid that does not allow you to hear some sounds, and, therefore, to pronounce them correctly.

Some speech defects can be easily corrected by parents. The baby experiences the main difficulties when pronouncing hissing sounds - Zh, Ch, Sh, Shch, the letters P, as well as Z, G, K, L, S and C.

How to help your child pronounce hissing sounds?

Teaching a baby to pronounce the letters Zh, Ch, Sh, and Sh is a little easier than, for example, the letter R. Most often, children have a problem with the pronunciation of hissing Zh and Sh. At the same time, the sound Ш still does not hurt the ear as much as the incorrectly pronounced Zh .

Usually the problem with hissing occurs due to the fact that the baby is unable to relax the tongue and stretch it so that the edges touch the upper side teeth.

Therefore, the baby must be taught a few simple exercises.

1. Let's relax the tongue . Put the tongue on the lower teeth, like a pancake, and tap on it with the upper ones, while saying “Ta-ta-ta”. After that, the tongue should lie down relaxed. Then you need to slap it with your upper lip and say "Pa-pa-pa."
2. Lifting the tip of the tongue up . To complete the task, you need a chewing candy or gum (it will be a good motivation for the baby). It is necessary that he opens his mouth 2-3 cm, spread the tongue over the lower lip, sticking out its tip. Put a piece of candy on it and ask the child to stick it to the sky behind the upper teeth. Make sure that the baby only uses the tongue, and does not use the jaw.
3. Blowing air through the middle of the tongue . Place a small piece of cotton on the table. Let the baby smile and position the tongue as in the previous task. The task of the baby is to blow off the fleece to the other end of the table without puffing out the cheeks. At the same time, he must pronounce a semblance of the letter F.
4. Blowing cotton from the nose . The child opens his mouth, lays the tongue so that a groove is formed in the middle of it, and the edges almost converge. We put a piece of cotton wool on the nose, the Kid should take a deep breath in through the nose and exhale sharply through the mouth. At the same time, cotton wool should fly up.
5. We pronounce the sounds Zh and Sh . Ask the baby to pronounce the syllable SA, the tongue should be behind the teeth at this time. Then you need to move the tongue deeper into the mouth. As we move towards the alveoli, the sound from C turns into Sh. To get the sound Zh, we repeat the exercises, first pronouncing the syllable ZA.
6. More words with F and W . Remember or come up with rhymes or tongue twisters, where the letters Zh and Sh are often found in words. Repeat them with the baby several times.
7. Pronounce the letter H . If the baby has an increased tone of the tongue, at first it will be more difficult for him to cope with the exercise. The sound CH consists of TH and SC. First, the tongue should hit the alveoli, pronouncing TH, and then relax, passing the sound SC through the crack. These two sounds, at first slowly and then faster, should merge into one H. After several trainings, the baby will succeed !

Practice your pronunciation with different little rhymes. For example:

• There were jackdaws visiting wolf cubs,
• There were wolf cubs visiting the jackdaws,
• Now the cubs are clamoring like jackdaws,
• And like wolf cubs, jackdaws are silent.

Learning to pronounce the letter R

The baby begins to pronounce the letter R well only by the age of 5-6 years. If your baby has not yet reached this age, do not panic ahead of time.

There are usually some problems associated with the letter R.

• The little man does not pronounce the growling sound at all , he just falls out of his word. This happens when the letter R is located between vowels. For example, the garage sounds like "ha - already."
• The kid replaces the sound P with L, S or Y . It turns out instead of a rose - "vine", red - "red", forty - "soy".
• The kid pronounces the sound R, but not the way it should sound in Russian . It either vibrates, like the English, or grasses, which is typical for the French.

You can correct the shortcomings in the pronunciation of the letter P by doing some exercises. And it is better to perform them while sitting and keeping your back straight. In this case, the child should see himself in the mirror.

So he can track how well he is doing the task.

• Sail . The child needs to open his mouth wide, and lift the tip of the tongue by the upper teeth. The lower part of the tongue is slightly bent forward, and the edges are pressed up to the molars. Repeat this 3 times in a row for 10 seconds.
• horse . It is necessary to firmly press the tongue to the palate, and then abruptly release it. This will produce a sound reminiscent of the clatter of hooves. Repeat the task at least 10-15 times.
• Turkey . Depict an angry turkey with a crumb. The child should throw the tongue out of the mouth, sticking it between the teeth. In this case, you need to pronounce sounds similar to “bl-bl”. The task is performed at a slow pace, gradually accelerating it.
• Let's bite the tongue . Stick the end of the tongue out, and stretch the mouth in a smile. Then slowly bite your tongue with your teeth.
• We clean our teeth . The baby needs to smile broadly and move the tip of the tongue along the inner wall of the upper teeth, without moving the lower jaw.
• Who is longer. Invite the baby to compare who has a longer tongue. Will he be able to reach his chin or the tip of his nose with it.
• Woodpecker . You need to open your mouth wide and tap your tongue hard on the inside of the gums near the upper teeth. At this time, you need to say "d-d-d."

So that the child does not get tired of numerous exercises, take breaks by inviting him to roar like a lion. To consolidate the emerging successes, you can additionally learn tongue twisters and words with the baby that contain the letter R.

We pronounce the letters Z, C and C correctly

When a child does not pronounce the letter C, at the same time he cannot pronounce the other whistling letters and syllables - З, Ц, Зб, СЬ. The reason for this is an underdeveloped articulatory apparatus.

Special exercises will also help to correct the situation.

1. Get the ball into the goal . The purpose of this task is to learn how to release a long directed stream of air. Make a gate out of cubes or other toys on the table. Roll up a loose cotton ball. The kid should, having folded his lips with a tube, blow on the ball and drive it into the gate. When performing the exercise, you can not puff out your cheeks, and the blown air should go in one long stream, without interruptions.
2. Tongue song . Opening the mouth, it is necessary to place the tongue on the lower lip. Then you need to spank with sponges - "pya-pya-pya" (the tongue sings). At the same time, the air comes out in a smooth stream, without interruption. Then, with your mouth wide open, hold the soft tongue on the lower lip so that it does not tuck. It is necessary that the edges of the tongue touch the corners of the mouth.
3. pancake . It is important to teach the baby to relax the tongue. To do this, he must smile, put the front edge of the tongue on the lower lip. The smile should not be tense, and the tongue should only hang slightly from the sponge.
4. We clean our teeth . The exercise is similar to the task for the letter P, only we will clean not the upper, but the lower teeth.

The letter Z is a pair for the letter C, so they are staging it in the same way as the sound C.

The sound Ts consists of two sounds - T and C, which quickly move from one to the other. It is important to teach the baby to separate one sound from another. Ask the baby to say first a long sound “shhh”, and then short “shhh, shhh, shhh”. As a result, the baby will get the sound C.

What about K and G?

The sounds K, G and X are posterior lingual, which implies a high rise of the tongue during their pronunciation. When a child does not pronounce these letters, most often his tongue is simply lazy (with the exception of congenital pathologies that only doctors can correct). To make the tongue work, you need to do exercises.

Rolling down the hill . Place a cotton ball on your baby's palm. The kid should slightly open his mouth, and hold the root of the tongue in an elevated position, and lower its tip. Then you need to quickly exhale so as to blow off the cotton wool from the palm of your hand. Get a K sound.

spoon . Ask your child to slowly say “ta-ta-ta”. Take a teaspoon and carefully move your tongue away by pressing on the front of its back. Instead of “ta”, the crumbs will first get “cha”, and then “kya”. Continuing to put pressure on the tongue, catch the moment when the baby gets a clean “ka”. He needs to remember what position his tongue was in at that moment. Don't worry if it doesn't work right away.

Regardless of which letter pronunciation exercises you do with your baby, repeat with him as many words, rhymes or songs with this letter as possible after class.

One can understand the excitement of parents who suddenly discover that their child is a preschooler poorly or does not pronounce certain sounds of his native language at all. In this case, they face the problem of how to teach the child the correct sound pronunciation? Is this acceptable at home? Experts say that parents can do a lot to help a preschooler master the correct sound pronunciation. You just need to have certain knowledge: about the causes of poor pronunciation, ways of correcting, ways of teaching correct diction.

Reasons for bad sound

According to speech therapy standards, the correct pronunciation should be formed by the middle preschool age. However, even in older preschoolers there are violations of diction. Experts cite data that the most difficult thing for children is to pronounce hissing sounds: w, w, h, u. The imperfection of diction can manifest itself in the incorrect pronunciation of a sound, the replacement of one with another (machine-masyn), its omission. Experts identify the main causes of poor pronunciation. These include the structure of the speech apparatus, insufficient perception, the attitude of parents.

Features of physiology

• immobility of the articulatory apparatus;
• malformed bite,
• short frenulum of the tongue,
• high palate.

Unformed phonemic perception

• the preschooler does not distinguish individual sounds by ear, replaces them.

Adult Misbehavior

• give the baby a pacifier for too long, especially during the period when the formation of speech occurs (early age);
• prolonged use of the pacifier leads to the formation of malocclusion, which affects the pronunciation of many sounds, especially hissing;
• deliberate distortion of speech by adults in order, in their opinion, to become understandable to the baby;
• dissatisfaction with the preschooler's diction and the requirement to speak clearly, without teaching correct articulation;
• possible hearing loss not noticed by the parents.

How can I check the speech of a preschooler at home?

Having determined that the preschooler does not know how to speak hissing, parents should consult a specialist. At home, they can also examine the child's speech to understand which hissing sounds are distorted. According to speech therapy rules, the examination begins with a separate pronunciation of a certain sound, then it is pronounced in syllables, words, and only then in sentences. For example:

1. The parent, inviting the child to reproduce the hissing w, w, h, u, slowly and distinctly pronounces them. It is more interesting to offer a playful form in the form of speech exercises: “The snake hissed: shhh”, “The bee buzzed: fzhzh”.
2. To check the state of sound in the syllables, the baby is encouraged to repeat syllables, for example, shi-zhi, cha-scha, zhu-shu, chu-shu, ash-already, ach-ashch, cabbage soup, choo, shoo, vzhik. In this case, the tested sounds should be at the beginning of the syllable, in the middle, at the end.
3. The next step is to check the pronunciation of the sound in words. For interest, pictures are used where objects are drawn for a given sound (cone, giraffe, hut, teapot, pike, and others). In this case, you can use speech therapy visual material, or you can pick up pictures in children's books with your child. The main thing is that they comply with certain rules: hissing must sound clearly in words, stand at the beginning of a word, in the middle, at the end (fur coat, car, reeds). Words with other hissing words are selected according to the same principle: beetle, gun, skis, etc. It is good if the examination takes place in the form of gaming exercises. For example, “How to call affectionately (bird-bird, goat-goat, beetle-bug, winter-winter, sun-sun)? »
4. The last stage involves checking the sound in a sentence in which several words with a checked hiss are selected. This purpose is well served by tongue twisters, for example, “Hush, mice, do not make noise! Do not wake up a cat with a cat!” Suitable for examination of hissing classic ones: “Sasha was walking ...”, “Cuckoo cuckoo ...”

Important! When examining a child, you need to try to determine the cause of the incorrect pronunciation in order to understand what influenced the distortion of diction.

The order of setting hissing

If a child suffers from poor pronunciation of only a certain hissing (w, h, w, u), it is clear that you need to work on staging one sound. But, as a rule, preschoolers distort the pronunciation of several hissing sounds at the same time. Then it is important for parents to know with what sound, first of all, to start. Experts determine the appropriate order and warn that each sound must be set individually, starting with the most accessible, gradually moving on to more complex ones. According to speech therapists, the order of staging several sounds depends on the physiology of preschoolers: first, a hissing sh is put, then w, then h and sh. However, there may be changes in the sequence of staging, since everything depends on individual characteristics, which only a specialist can determine.

How to work on the formation of sounds?

When staging hissing, the help of a speech therapist is undeniable. Only a specialist professionally examines speech, identifies violations and offers recommendations for correcting them at home. This must be done as quickly as possible, since violations in pronunciation interfere with the communication of children, hinder the preparation for literacy, and contribute to the emergence of related problems, for example, psychological complexes, which will have to be disposed of in the future.

Speech therapists note that often the problem with pronouncing hissing sounds is that the child cannot properly use the speech apparatus. That is why work on each sound must begin with. Perform it with the help of a mirror to see and understand the work of the jaw, oral cavity. In the future, this will have a positive effect on the improvement of phonemic hearing, and therefore on sound pronunciation.

The first stage of work on the hissing is preparatory, during which special exercises should be performed (for breathing, lips, tongue). They will help to work out the exact movements of the articulatory apparatus, to prepare for the production of certain sounds. They are performed in the form of game exercises that are easy to carry out at home.

Stage 1. Breathing training

Articulatory gymnastics involves practicing the movements of the lips and tongue. For her, parents can use generally accepted speech therapy games, or they can come up with similar ones themselves. To interest a preschooler, he can be involved in the preparation of such games: cut out snowflakes, propellers for airplanes, boats, colorful autumn leaves from light paper. The main thing is that the adult himself is passionate about the process, then the child will also be interested in doing the exercises.

Tasks for the development of breathing

• "Kick the ball into the goal", a game of unusual football. Gates are built in the center of the table, cotton balls are made. Players from both sides blow on cotton balls so that they fly into the goal. An adult monitors the correct articulation actions of the child: a wide smile, a tongue on the lower lip.
• "Snowflakes on the nose". Invite the preschooler to blow the cotton ball out of his nose with the correct movements of the jaw: a wide smile, a tongue on the upper lip, blow it so that the lump flies up.
• Similarly, the games "Snowstorm", "Leaves are flying", "Ships", "Airplanes" are held.

Stage 2. Gymnastics for the articulatory apparatus

Lip exercises

To warm up the lips, you can use speech therapy exercises:

• "We'll be surprised, we'll laugh." The preschooler alternately makes a wide and narrow tube with his lips. The wide tube is in the “o” state, the “narrow” one is in the “y” state. Nothing is said aloud, only the lips work.
• "Tube-smile". Alternately, the child then smiles broadly, then makes a movement with his lips like the sound “o”.

Language exercises

Classical exercises are also used to train the language:

• “Delicious jam”, in which the lower lip is licked with the tongue either to the left or to the right.
• For the “Rocking Horse” exercise, you need to “click” with your tongue, imitating the step of a horse.
• "Elephant - frog": lips alternately imitate either the trunk of an elephant, or the smile of a frog.
• "Funny swing": with the tip of the tongue, reach the upper teeth, then lower to the lower ones.
• "Tick-tock": with the tip of the tongue, imitating the movements of the clock, move left and right at different speeds.
• “Paints”: “paint the sky” with a tongue.

All exercises are performed up to 10 times, but it is necessary to ensure that the baby does not get tired and engages with interest.

A preschooler will quickly master the correct pronunciation of hissing with a clear preparatory stage, so they should not be neglected. The duration of such classes will depend on the individual development of the child, the state of his articulation apparatus. Experts advise extending them if there is no improvement after three sessions.

Stage 3. Work on the production of hissing

Important! To stage a hissing sound in a preschooler, an adult should carefully examine the position of the lips and tongue with the help of a mirror with proper articulation, only then teach the child.

The next stage, which involves the production of hissing, requires an established order: first, the sound is fixed in syllables, words, and lastly in sentences. To do this, you can use different methods:

• Repetition of tongue twisters, tongue twisters, proverbs, learning small poems in which there are hissing sounds. To reinforce the free use of sound in speech, parents can encourage children to tell stories, invent small texts based on pictures, from the children's personal experience.
• If work on sound pronunciation begins with a hissing “sh”, then staging the sound “sh” involves the active involvement of preschoolers in games to form phonemic perception, for example, “Butterfly”. Children clap their hands (“catch a butterfly”) when they hear the desired sound in words (toy, baby, tire, potato).
• In order to produce the sound “zh”, you can offer the preschooler to clap at words with the sound “sh”, raise his hands up at the words with the sound “g” (reed, beetle, mouse, buzzes).
• It is easy to learn to speak the sound "u" if the sound "sh" is already well placed. Parents can use the production of "u" by imitation, similar to games with the sound "sh" (puppy, sorrel, looking for). The game “Exaggeration” helps a lot: an adult throws a ball with a certain word, a preschooler “returns” the word in an exaggerated form (eyes-eyes, cat-cat, mustache-mustache, teeth-teeth).
• With older preschoolers, parents can play the game “Guess where the sound is?”, For which you need to pick up words with hissing in different positions. To maintain interest, cards of different colors are selected, indicating the beginning of the word, the middle, the end. Then preschoolers need to concentrate and not confuse the colors.
• Word creation is widely used for sound pronunciation. The game "Tell the phrase" is very popular with children, while the staging of sounds and the general development of speech take place. The adult comes up with a syllable, the child adds a sentence to the rhyme:

Ms. Ms.
We caught the snake.
Sha-sha-sha
Mom feeds the baby.
Cha-cha-cha
Here is our cottage.
scha-scha-scha,
Birch Grove.

Similarly, phrases with other syllables are invented.

Setting the sounds of the native language is necessary not only for the development of correct speech, but also for the formation of the personality of preschool children. If children have good sound pronunciation, it means that they will be able to master the kindergarten program and school material without much difficulty.

Video with articulatory gymnastics for a clear pronunciation of hissing sounds (w, w, w, h):

The science of the shortcomings of speech, which studies how to eliminate them, as well as special exercises for the language - speech therapy. Not only children, but also adults turn to this science in order to pronounce sounds correctly and beautifully and be successful in any business where you need to convince, inspire, share information with other people. To correct speech defects, regular speech therapy exercises for children and adults are used.

Some parents experience speech problems with their children

In our article you will find useful tips for yourself on acquiring the skills of correct articulation, as well as a lot of valuable tricks for correcting the pronunciation of sounds by your children.

In order to achieve high results in business and have the ability to persuade, it is necessary not only to speak fluently, but also to express your thoughts clearly and legibly. Not everyone immediately manages to master this science, so there are various practices to improve skills.

Speech therapy exercises for adults

Slurred speech is also observed in adults, so ask your friends if you have any flaws in pronunciation. You can simply record a few phrases on the recorder, and then carefully listen to your voice.

There are speech therapy exercises for adults, the main of which is the memorization and study of tongue twisters. If it is better for children to offer in a playful way, then it is enough for adults to give a task to practice the skill.

Problems with pronunciation in most cases are easily corrected after a course of regular classes.

So, everyone must observe the following rules during training:

• read the tongue twister 3-4 times;
• repeat it slowly, speaking clearly and distinctly;
• when everything comes out to pronounce correctly, you can speed up the pace;
• it is important to pronounce all sounds with high quality, and not quickly;
• short tongue twisters need to be spoken in one breath.

For adults and for kids, the same tasks are suitable:

1. clack your tongue, depict how a horse gallops;
2. smile, and try to reach the palate with your tongue;
3. imagine that you are licking honey from your lips without touching the corners of your lips;
4. press the tongue between the teeth and move it up and down.

To make sure that the tasks performed are correct, use the mirror. To track progress, read an excerpt from a story with an expression or a poem, paying attention to all punctuation marks.

Speech therapy exercises for children

All speech therapy exercises for children should be performed unnoticed by the baby, so that all this is a serene pastime in a playful way.

You can come up with comic names for each task, because the child loves associations, sometimes the most unexpected. So, the guys will like things like "Horse", "Chickens".

Having identified the problematic sounds, you can choose certain exercises to correct the problem.

Completing tasks contributes to the development of the baby's articulation apparatus, allows you to remove pronunciation flaws, and form the necessary speech skills.

• "Gate": you need to open your mouth wide to relax your lips, repeat 6 times.
• "Scapula": put the tongue on the lower lip.
• "Vase": put the tongue on the upper lip, repeat 5 times.
• "Ball": inflate one or the other cheek, as if a ball is rolling in the mouth.

The pronunciation of the baby will be clear if you take words with a large number of consonants for training: plate, girlfriend, foreign tourist, karateka, bunch, bed, mug, jump. They need to be spoken daily and trained to hear every sound.

Speech therapy exercises for hissing sounds

Children often fail to pronounce the hissing words correctly for a long time, sometimes they need to train until school. It is good if the environment of the child speaks and can correct the pronunciation of the baby. Consider which speech therapy exercises for hissing sounds are most relevant. They are suitable for both adults and kids, if such problems exist.

Speech therapy exercises for the letter zh

It is important to know what to do when articulating. So, first we round the lips and round them, the teeth do not close, the edges of the tongue are pressed against the teeth, and it forms a bucket. We exhale air with the addition of a voice when pronouncing a hissing f.

Here are the main speech therapy exercises for the letter zh:

• "Accordion" to strengthen the muscles of the tongue in a vertical position: open your mouth, smile, and press your tongue against the palate. Open and close your mouth 5 times.
• "Pie": open your mouth and smile, twist your tongue, lifting the edges. Count to 15 and then repeat.

Lessons to correct a defect in the pronunciation of sound

They can also be used when practicing the pronunciation of other sibilants.

Speech therapy exercises for the sound h

There are also speech therapy exercises for the sound h:

• "Fungus" for stretching the hyoid frenulum: the mouth is open, the lips are stretched, and the tongue touches the palate so that its edges are pressed tightly. Repeating, you need to open your mouth wider.
• "Focus": stick out the tongue, smiling, lift the tip, blow off the cotton wool from the nose. Repeat 5-6 times.

Such exercises help strengthen the muscles of the tongue and develop its mobility, which is useful when pronouncing hissing.

Speech therapy exercises for the letter sh

There are also speech therapy exercises for the letter sh:

• "Cup": put the tongue on the lower lip, and then lift it up and hold for a few seconds. Repeat 8 times.
• "Football": stretch your lips with a tube and blow on a cotton ball in the shape of a ball, trying to get into an impromptu goal.

Sound troubleshooting

These tasks should be performed during the games every day, so that the child's articulation apparatus develops and pronunciation improves.

Speech therapy exercises for consonants

Often, both adults and children have difficulty pronouncing certain consonants, so speech therapy exercises for consonant sounds are needed to correct speech.

Speech therapy exercises for the letter l

Consider now speech therapy exercises for the letter l:

• "Train whistle": Stick out your tongue and hoot loudly.
• “Song of the tongue”: you need to bite your tongue and sing “lek-lek-lek”.
• "Painter": you need to press your tongue with your teeth and move it up and down, as if painting a house.

Practicing movements for the correct pronunciation of the sound l

If the training is intended for children, then you can come up with a game in which you will need to complete these tasks.

Speech therapy exercises for the letter c

Let us now analyze speech therapy exercises for the letter c:

• show how the pump inflates the wheel;
• depict how the wind blows;
• convey how the balloon blows off;
• show what you hear when you blow into a bottle with a narrow neck.

In order to bring the child closer to understanding what they want from him, put a toothpick on his tongue and ask him to press it with his teeth, smile and blow out the air.

Speech therapy exercises for the sound r

Let's find out speech therapy exercises for the sound r, which is the most problematic for all children:

• “Brushing your teeth”: you need to drive the tongue over the teeth inside in different directions.
• "Musician": open your mouth, drum your tongue on the alveoli, pronouncing "d-d-d", resembling a drum roll. You can check the correctness of the execution by holding a piece of paper to your mouth. It should move from the air flow.
• "Dove": you need to drive the tongue along the upper lip back and forth, copy the bird "bl-bl-bl".

Training for the language of the correct pronunciation of the sound r

These training tasks will help to overcome the most difficult sound for babies, as the articulatory apparatus will be more mobile. Following this, you can begin to select words with the letter r.

Speech therapy exercises for sound t

Sometimes simple sounds are difficult for people to pronounce correctly when it is difficult to understand the meaning of a word or even a statement. These problems must be dealt with. And here are the most effective speech therapy exercises for the sound t:

• the tip of the tongue touches the upper teeth and say "t-t-t";
• imitating a knock-knock hammer or a tick-tick clock;
• we walk with the baby along the road, repeating “top-top-top”;
• learning the tongue twister "Dust flies across the field from the clatter of hooves."

How to do exercises for the correct pronunciation of the sound t

It will also be useful to repeat these exercises every day in order for the training to be effective. Keep track of what your baby is listening to, as speech is formed depending on how we perceive sounds by ear. Make sure that all family members do not "lisp" and do not use words in a diminutive form in front of the baby.

Speech therapy exercises for stuttering

All speech therapy exercises for stuttering are aimed at developing fluency of speech. Try to relax the baby before classes, use playful forms of work that are most appropriate for children.

Let's get acquainted with the most necessary tasks in such a situation:

• Read the poem to calm music without words, at first small, and over time complicate the task.
• Clap your hands for the vowel sounds that occur in the word.
• "Conductor": chant a few words, syllables, vowel sounds, focusing on waving your hands and observing the rhythm.
• "Carousel": you need to walk in a circle, repeating the phrase "We are fun carousels opa-opa-opa-pa-pa."

Remember that it is imperative to pay attention to speech breathing during classes. Start each session gradually and smoothly, and then you can pick up the pace if you are doing well.

Problems with speech and articulation are solved with time and through daily training, willpower and motivation.

We wish you success!

Children in the process of forming speech have various problems with many letters. One of the most common difficulties is staging the sound sh. It is usually difficult for children to pronounce hissing sounds for the reason that they cannot relax the tongue and place it in the required shape, which is required by the correct articulation of the sound sh.

The main reason that a child cannot correctly make hissing sounds is the way the parents communicate with the baby. Many adults deliberately copy the speech of the child, speaking to him in a childish way. Thus, the child hears the wrong pronunciation and gets used to just this manner of staging the sound sh. That is why experts strongly recommend that parents speak to their children correctly.

In addition to the parental craving for imitation of baby talk, an important role for staging the sound w is played by some features of the structure of the articulatory apparatus, which include the following points:

• the movement of the tongue is limited due to the shortened hyoid ligament;
• articulation is affected by the size of the lips (too thin or full) and the size of the tongue (too big or small);
• dental anomalies;
• disruption of the auditory canal.

In most cases, a violation of the production of sound sh is quite simply corrected at home with regular and careful work with the child. In some cases, babies who have problems with the pronunciation of hissing will be helped by a speech therapist.

Articulation

The key to good pronunciation is the correct articulation of the sound w and w. To teach a child to pronounce the letters w and w correctly, it is necessary to study one method of articulation, since the speech apparatus works almost the same when pronouncing both letters.
So, in order to correctly pronounce the letter sh, it is necessary to work with the articulatory apparatus as follows:

• the baby's lips should be slightly pushed forward in the form of a tube;
• the tip of the tongue is raised to the sky so that a small gap remains between them;
• with the lateral edges, the tongue of the child is pressed against the upper extreme teeth, giving the tongue the shape of a cup;
• a stream of air easily passes through the unused vocal cords, creating the necessary sound.

In order to understand how to teach a child to say the letter zh, it is necessary to resort to the articulation described above, while connecting the vibrations of the vocal cords.
Regular exercises for setting sounds are very important. These exercises can be done both with a speech therapist and at home.

Exercises

Specialists have developed special speech therapy exercises for the sound w and w to help kids learn how to pronounce it correctly. This technique includes many different exercises. Below are the most effective and popular in use among speech therapists.

shoulder blade

This exercise for setting the sound sh is aimed at relaxing the tongue. You need to open your mouth and smile. In a relaxed smile, stretch the tongue forward and place the tip in a calm position on the lower lip. The side walls of the anterior part of the tongue gently touch the corners of the mouth.

It is important to maintain this position without tension for a few seconds. This exercise is basic for such a problem as staging hissing sounds, including the letters zh and sh.

Pie

The task "Pie" must be used to strengthen the muscles of the tongue, as well as to develop the mobility of the side walls of the tongue. As in the previous exercise, the mouth is open in a smile, the tongue lies on the lower lip. Without straining the lips, it is necessary to lift the side walls of the tongue so that a depression forms along the central axis of the tongue.

You need to hold this position for 5 to 10 seconds.

Swing

"Swing" is used to make the children's tongue more mobile. The initial position of the articulatory apparatus is as follows: an open and relaxed smile on the lips, the tongue lies wide and flat (do not allow it to become narrow).

Alternately carried out movements of the tongue:

• first, to set the sound w, a wide and flat tongue reaches for the ceiling, after which it goes towards the floor;
• then the tongue moves first to the upper lip, then to the lower;
• it is necessary to climb with the tongue between the upper lip and upper teeth, and also do the same with the lower lip and teeth;
• then the tongue touches the upper and lower incisors;
• at the end, you need to touch the wide tip of the tongue to the alveoli behind the lower dentition, and then behind the upper one.

The tongue goes through the teeth

This task is useful for setting the sound w in that it develops the baby's ability to control his tongue well. To complete this task, you need to open your mouth and relax smiling lips. With a wide tip of the tongue, touch the lower dentition from the side of the tongue, and then from the side of the lip.

Painter

This task for working out the letters zh and w helps, first of all, to strengthen control over the setting of the language. It also gives the baby a feel for how to guide the tongue to the top of the mouth.

It is necessary to open the mouth in a half smile, relax the lips and fix the lower jaw in one position. Next, imagine that the tip of the tongue is a paint brush, and the sky is the ceiling that needs to be painted. In order to do this, it is necessary to stroke the palate with the tongue from the larynx to the teeth and vice versa, not allowing the tongue to go beyond the mouth.

The above exercises for setting the sounds w and w should be performed regularly. At the same time, parental control over exactly how the baby performs the exercise is very important - it is important to control the correct fixation of the jaw, the position of the lips and the movement of the tongue.

In order to say the sound sh without problems, you need not only articulation, but also automation.

Automation

For the correct pronunciation of complex sounds, staging and automation of sound are equally important. If the production of the sound w has already been carried out with the help of speech therapy exercises, you can proceed to fixing the sound, that is, to automation.

Automation of the sound w is carried out by working out the sound itself, syllables with this sound, and then words, sentences and texts. The production of hissing sounds is of particular benefit from working with pure phrases, rhymes, proverbs, etc.

• The letter sh in syllables and words.

scamp, chess, scarf; Rustle, Chocolate, Shorts, Silk, Whisper, Silk; JOKE, NOISE, FUR COAT; Latitude, Bump, Sewing; Six, Shelest, SHEST, etc.

• The letter w in syllables and words.

Heat, Pity, TOAD; Zhor, Juggler, Jockey; Acorn, Yellow, Perch; Crane, Beetle, Horror; Belly, Life, Animal; Iron, Wife, Jaundice, etc.

• Automation of the sound w with the reading of phrases.

Masha feeds the baby.

In the summer it's good to walk down the street.

Pasha and Dasha gave porridge to the baby.

GLASHA wrote a poem about our BABY.

Our songs about the BOWL with porridge are good.

Speak in a WHISPER: MORE haircuts are sleeping at the swift.

At the window on the couch I lie.

Mishenka, give me a donut and tell me a fairy tale.

Our Natasha is more beautiful than all girls.

• Children's rhymes will also help to pronounce the sound w correctly.

A miner came from the mine
With a wicker basket,
And in the basket is a lump of wool.
A miner found a puppy for our Dasha.
Dancing and jumping Dasha on the spot:
“How good! I have a friend!
I'll bake him a pie
I'll sit down to sew him a fur coat and a hat -
My black puppy will be happy.”

The correct operation of the articulatory apparatus and the careful consolidation of the studied sounds are the only true methods of sound production.

In order for a child to understand how to pronounce complex sounds correctly, it is necessary not only to perform special exercises, but also to monitor the correctness of their own speech.

If you regularly work with your child on the production of sounds, then soon it will be possible to forget about the problem of how to teach a child to speak the letter w.

Usually, in the process of teaching children speech, hissing sounds, such as Sh, Ch, Zh, Sh, are taught last. This is due to the fact that most babies either learn to pronounce these sounds on their own, listening and analyzing the sounds of nature, or because parents believe that over time the child will learn the necessary letters and sounds on their own. How to teach a child hissing sounds?

If your toddler is 4 or 5 years old but still not friendly with hissers, you should try to help him. The easiest way, which will suit, perhaps, the laziest parent, is to enroll a child in classes with a speech therapist. The doctor will be able to competently assess the degree of the problem and, through a series of exercises, will correct the baby's speech defects regarding hissing sounds.

However, if your child is younger than the specified age and at the same time you have extra time to study with the baby, you can teach your child to make hissing sounds at home, using the tips and exercises that we give below.

These exercises are often practiced in speech therapist's offices when working with children who do not pronounce hissing sounds well. Before proceeding with their implementation, prepare a mirror and practice yourself. Thus, it will be easier for you to explain to the child what is required of him.

1. Learn how to move your lips correctly.
2. Air jet.
3. J and Sh.
4. We fix.

To learn how to hiss, you need to understand how they sound. Before starting the training, the mother should demonstrate to the child what sounds and letters will be studied in today's lesson. Then you need to ask the baby to repeat these sounds. To do this, ask the child to put the tongue on the lower teeth and begin to lightly tap on it with the upper teeth, pronouncing the syllable “ta-ta-ta-ta”.

Next, continue the exercise, slapping your tongue with your upper lip and saying something in the manner of the sound “five”.

Learning how to move lips correctly

To teach a child to hissing sounds, it is necessary that he master his tongue and lips. To do this, use the following exercise:

The child sticks out his tongue, leaving his mouth slightly open. You need to put a tiny candy on the tongue and ask the child to transfer it on the tongue to the upper palate. At the same time, it is important that the child does the exercises not with the jaw, but purely with the tongue.

air jet

To learn how to make hissing sounds, you should work on the air stream between the teeth. To do this, the child should slightly open his mouth and place his tongue on the lower lip. Put a thin piece of cotton wool on the edge of the baby's nose. Ask the child to inhale through the nose and exhale through the mouth. Praise him for the hissing sound he made. If the fleece rises up, then the child is exercising correctly.

F and W

Often it is the sounds Zh and Sh that the child finds most difficult to speak. To teach your child how to make hissing sounds from this series, ask him to say the sound “CA” first. Then let him repeat it again, defining the tongue a little deeper in the mouth. The closer the child's tongue is located to the aleviola, the more clearly the syllable "SA" will resemble the sound "sh".

To teach the sound “zh”, ask the child to pronounce the sound “FOR”, and then proceed by analogy with the previous exercise.

We fix

How to teach a child hissing sounds? Classes. Classes. And once again classes. And even when your child learns to “hiss” and “buzz”, it is important not to stop practicing with him and to consolidate what has been achieved all the time.

To consolidate the hissing sounds, you need to read the rhymes aloud to the child, where they sound, and try to learn them with the child. It is also good to find such sounds in nature and ask the baby to repeat them. For example, you can teach your child how to make a bug or what sound a flat tire or a balloon makes.

It is important that the baby not only knows how to pronounce hissing, but also has various associations regarding the sounds that surround him and which he has to pronounce.

How to teach a child hissing sounds: video